DESMO-LD: Decentralized Smart Oracles for Trusted Linked Data

Decentralised EV sharing (DEVS):

DEVs is a fully decentralised platform for electric vehicles sharing, based on blockchain and semantic technologies. Thanks to a detailed semantic description of vehicles, service providers can register their cars/scooters/bikes in the system and users can exploit them for their needs. The blockchain technology ensures a fair and trusted exchange of services thanks to Smart Contracts and IoT Oracles.

Scenario 1 - Users that want to use this service. The following steps take place when a user uses the service:

1. User is seeking a vehicle. Users can visualise the vehicles nearby. 

2. The DApp will retrieve the list of vehicles and the user chooses accordingly. 

3. The user stakes some tokens for reserving the vehicle for a certain amount of time. 

4. The on-chain protocol unlocks the vehicle only after the payment is verified. 

5. The user is allowed to reach the destination. 

6. The process is concluded, and the tokens are distributed between the parties. In this final phase, penalties and bonuses are calculated and applied. 

Scenario 2 - Offering Facilities. The following steps take place when a user uses the service:

1. Touristic facilities reserve a part of the community-driven fleet for their own users as an additional service included in their offering.

2. Facilities can customise fleet behaviour and management. 

Scenario 3 - Suppliers that want to be part of the ecosystem. The following steps take place when a user uses the service:

1. Users/organisations can register their devices and set a fair price per hour on-chain, and they become part of the fleet. 

2. If users/facilities rent their vehicles, suppliers are paid accordingly.

CARECHAIN: Their insurance contracts can be seen as clients of our architecture, but at the same time, the ecosystem gives them the ability to install TDDs where they can register new sensors easily. Moreover, thanks to the W3C WoT, it will be possible to have a standard and homogeneous interface for managing the different devices on the market: abstracting the numerous protocols, data formats, etc.

DKG: DESMO-LD could use its distributed storage to organize the retrieved data in order to have an “historical” archive of the most requests information. In addition to the actual data, DKG storage can be used to save the TDs of the WTs from which the data came.

REPUTABLE: DESMO-LD can take advantage of this system to model and manage the reputation of the TDD nodes that are participating in the network.

GEONTOLOGY: The output of the project can play a crucial role in DESMO-LD. Specifically, device Thing Descriptions can be augmented and tagged with proofs of offsets following the Geontology guidelines. As JSON-LD documents, TDs can import an ontology and add new terms with information about the location of the device and the corresponding proof.

Semantic content that will be used by this application idea is summarised in the following points:

• Detailed description of vehicles (it would require an ontology of existing vehicle types) 

• Vehicles capabilities

• Geospatial data

• User identity (e.g., license)

• Reputation scoring data